Atoms and Nuclei

The French physicist Henry Becquerel discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity in 1896. He observed that few invisible rays are spontaneously emitted from the uranium and its compounds, which can penetrate the black paper and silver. These rays are also able to affect the photographic plate wrapped in paper. These rays were named becquerel rays. The

Let us look into the concept of isotones. All matter is made up of atoms in different arrangements. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Every proton has a positive charge, every electron has a negative charge and every neutron is neutral. It is an important concept in nuclear physics. It is an

Radioactivity is the state of the nucleus that is seeking stable configuration. It is the act of emitting radiation autonomously, as the term implies. An unstable atomic nucleus gives up some energy in order to shift to a more stable state. A nucleus has many neutrons that emit a negative beta particle, converting one of

Fossils are the preserved remnants of plants and animals that were buried in sediments like sand and mud beneath ancient oceans, lakes, and rivers. Any preserved sign of life that is more than 10,000 years old is considered a fossil. Soft body components disintegrate quickly after death, but hard body parts like bones, shells, and

Alpha, beta, and gamma decay are aftereffects of three crucial powers: the ‘solid’ power, the ‘frail’ power, and the ‘electromagnetic’ power. In each of the three cases, the emanation of radiation builds the core strength by changing its proton-neutron proportion. On account of alpha radiation, the core endeavours to track down dependability by emanating an

Introduction This naming shows the three sorts of radiation that has been used since their revelation and still applies today. The ancient Greek letters were familiar to physicists fed by old-style culture. Alpha ray is the name for the discharge of an alpha molecule, helium nuclei, beta radiation is the outflow of electrons or positrons,

Radioactive elements have unstable nuclei, due to which the protons and neutrons continue to disintegrate and release energy in the process. This energy is emitted in the form of several ionic radiations. Based on the disintegration and the ionic charges, these radiations can be classified into three main categories.  Each type of radiation is radioactive

Gamma rays were first observed during radioactive decay. In 1899, Rutherford first differentiated between this and the other two rays. Initially, he considered this ray as a fast beta particle. But later, with the help of a magnetic field test, when it was established that it has no charged particle, then that old idea was