Atomic Structure

Introduction  An atomic orbital is a space in which the chance of an electron occurring is at its highest level.A subshell is a path taken by electrons as they move around within the shell’s confines. Subshells are classified into four categories. The subshells are denoted by the letters s, p, d, and f. A subshell […]

The electronic configuration of an atom or molecule is the distribution of electrons in atoms or molecular orbitals. The orbitals occupied by electrons on an atom are described by the electronic configuration of the atom. This prediction is based on the assumption that electrons are added to an atom one at a time, starting with

The atomic radii of each transition series show a tremendous deal of variance. The atomic radii of d-block elements within a series decrease as the atomic number increases. This is due to an increase in nuclear charge, which pulls the electron cloud inwards, causing it to shrink in size. The pattern of atomic radii is

Transition elements are elements with partially filled d orbitals (sometimes known as transition metals). Transition elements are defined by IUPAC as elements with a partially filled d subshell or elements that have the ability to generate stable cations with an incompletely filled d orbital. Because of the poor shielding provided by the tiny amount of

The ionization enthalpy is the amount of energy required to liberate the most loosely bound electron from isolated gaseous atoms in order to form a cation. Those of transition elements tend to increase from left to right in the periodic table as the inner d orbitals are filled. There are some exceptions. Titanium (22) has

The component particles of crystalline solids have a distinct three-dimensional configuration. The relative locations of these particles in the crystal are commonly depicted by points. A space lattice is the arrangement of these unendurable groupings of points. The collar lattice points or lattice sites are the places inhabited by atoms, ions, or molecules in a

Transition elements exhibit two forms of magnetic behaviour in the presence of a magnetic field (i) Diamagnetism (ii)paramagnetic   Magnetic fields attract paramagnetic substances while repelling diamagnetic things. Ferromagnetism is a type of paramagnetism in which a substance is strongly drawn to a magnetic field. The presence of unpaired electrons in (n-1)d-orbitals cause paramagnetism, with each such

It is based on the octet rule, according to which atoms share electrons in order for each atom to have eight electrons in its outer shell, that a Lewis structure is formed. In the outer shell of an oxygen atom, for example, there are six electrons total. Using a Lewis structure, the arrangement of these

Electronic configuration is an essential concept in chemistry and understanding chemical equations. Each atom consists of three subatomic particles – electron, proton, and neutron. The positively charged proton and chargeless neutron are concentrated in the atom’s core. The electron is negatively charged and distributed around the atom. The electronic configuration is the pattern in which

In electron gain enthalpy, the greater or higher the amount of energy released in the whole process, the higher or greater the element’s electron gain enthalpy. We can conclude the measure of the electron gain enthalpy of an element by its particular firmness or strength with which an extra electron is always bound to it.