Class 12

All the ecosystem’s functions are controlled and delicately balanced. The effects of plants, animals, and microbes’ collective life activities (e.g., feeding, growing, moving, excreting waste) on the physical and chemical conditions of their environment are reflected in ecosystem functioning. Ecosystem functions (also called ecosystem processes or ecological processes) are biological, geochemical, and physical processes that […]

Diagrams of an ecological pyramid are used to display the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. In a pyramid of energy, the amount of energy retained in the form of new biomass at each trophic level is shown, whereas in a pyramid of biomass, the amount of biomass (or the

Biomes are largely governed by the geography and climate of a location. Thus, a biome is an internationally recognised geoclimatic zone that is home to species such as plants and animals. A desert is an example of a biome, and its climate, precipitation, and terrain all contribute to its identification. An ecosystem is a geographical

We all are dependent on the natural environment for our livelihood. But over utilisation of natural resources causes the destruction of biodiversity. Therefore, consumptive use value is the method to measure the worth of biodiversity by the local people or tribal groups. It is very difficult to measure consumptive use value as there are no

Ecosystem components: The term ‘eco’ refers to the environment, and the term system’ refers to a functioning unit. The ecosystem is regarded as an interactive system in which the components of the ecosystem interact with one another through the exchange of energy and the flow of nutrients between them. Ecology is the study of ecosystems

Biodiversity refers to the whole ecosystem of living organisms and the diversity within them. Biodiversity refers to the variation among the species, within the species and within an ecosystem. Walter G. Rosen coined the term “biodiversity” in 1986. Biodiversity has both ecological and economic value. It provides food, fuel, clothing and other resources. It also

Abiotic components, also known as abiotic factors in biology and ecology, are non-living chemical and physical components of the environment that have an impact on the survival of live species and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena linked with them serve as the foundation for all of biology. They have an impact

The phrase “biotic components” refers to all of the living things that comprise an ecosystem. The animals, the plants, and the microorganisms are examples of this. The waste from living things and the remains of dead species are also considered to be biotic components. Even the most inhospitable regions of our world have biological components.

The term ‘biosphere’ was proposed by geologist Eduard Suess in 1875, which he explained as the place on Earth where the existence of life takes place. The idea of biosphere structure came along with the existence of animals, plants, microorganisms, humans, i.e., all living creatures. The biosphere structure has existed for around 3.5 billion years.

The biosphere is a limited zone on the earth’s surface where water, soil, and air come together to support life. Only in biospherecan life exist. There are many diverse sorts of life, ranging from fungus and bacteria to huge animals. The biosphere is defined as an area which comprises all living species as well as