Principles of biotechnology: Genetic engineering

Amylase is a type of enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch (Latin amylum) into sugars. Amylase is found in human and some other mammalian saliva, where it initiates the chemical process of digestion. Foods high in starch but low in sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a mild sweetness after chewing as […]

Introduction  Exams create a different environment altogether that sometimes becomes overwhelming. However, how you deal with it plays a significant role in deciding your future. Studying for NEET and, more importantly, cracking is a goal of many; after all, it is one of India’s most challenging exams. If you’ve studied Biology in your class 10th

Living organisms release metabolic wastes produced by the body through excretion. The process of nitrogenous excretion of certain living organisms in the form of ammonia is called Ammonotelism. These organisms are broadly classified as ammonotelics.  Process of Ammonotelic Excretion Ammonia is a compound formed by Nitrogen and Hydrogen and is highly water soluble. This mode

The allosteric site allows substances to turn on or off enzyme activity by activating or inhibiting it. These chemicals bind to the allosteric site and alter the enzyme’s conformation, or shape. Allosteric inhibitors are molecules that turn enzymes off. Allosteric inhibitors modify the geometry of the active site, preventing it from binding to the substrate.

Aerobic fermentation, also known as aerobic glycolysis, converts sugars to energy for cells by fermentation in oxygen and suppressing cell metabolism. Cells in tumours undergo this process due to the Warburg effect, also known as the Crabtree effect in yeast.  Aerobic fermentation prevents excessive catabolic oxidation of these nutrients into carbon dioxide. It can thus

Bacteria are one of the five kingdoms of Whittaker which are microscopic, unicellular and have primitive types of nucleus. They help in decomposition of organic materials and fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Bacterias are known as prokaryotic cells which have a lot of abundance in the environment. A gram of soil typically contains about 40 million