Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

In reptiles, birds and mammals, the loop of Henle is a long U-shaped section of the tubule that transports urine within each nephron of the kidney. The primary purpose of the Henle loop is to recover water and sodium chloride from urine. This function enables for the creation of urine that is much more concentrated […]

Lipids are organic substances which are nonpolar molecules that are soluble in non – polar solvents but insoluble in water. Since water is a polar molecule, therefore, they are insoluble in it. Oil, whole milk, butter, red meats, butter, butter, cheese, and fried foods all contain lipids, which are generated in the liver. Lipid Lipids are an organic

The parotid gland is a salivary gland in the face that is found on both sides. The parotid glands, in particular, produce a “serous” kind of saliva, which is thin and watery. It contains the protein Amylase, which aids in the digestion of starch. The parotid glands each provide ten percent of saliva in the

“Protease is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of peptide bonds found in proteins,” says the National Institutes of Health. Protease enzymes are required for the digestion and absorption of proteins in the majority of living creatures, including humans. In all living organisms, including bacteria, algae, plants, and animals, as well as in some virus

To aid in catalytic activity, many enzymes require the inclusion of a tiny molecule known as a cofactor. A cofactor is a non-protein molecule that performs chemical reactions that the usual 20 amino acids cannot. Cofactors can be inorganic (metals) or organic (small organic compounds) (coenzymes). Cofactors, which are typically coenzymes or metal ions ,

There are millions of animal species in the Kingdom Animalia, and studying them without a basic classification can be confusing. Aside from that, several new animal species are constantly being discovered. Identification, naming, and assigning a systematic position to newly discovered species all require classification.  The Animal Kingdom is classified primarily based on the similarity

Invertebrates are animals that neither own nor mature a vertebral column which is generally recognized as a backbone or spine, resulting from the notochord that supports the human body. This class of animals comprises all animals apart from the animals contained in the class of vertebrates. As per the research, nearly 97% of the animal species are invertebrates and the remaining 3% are vertebrates.  The term invertebrates are not

Omnivore, an animal with diverse food preferences that can consume both plant and animal matter. Many tiny birds and mammals are omnivorous; deer mice and mockingbirds have diets that include a predominance of insects or berries at various seasons. Many creatures thought to be carnivores are actually omnivores, such as the red fox, which eats

Animals of many species coexist in a range of settings.As we know  animals in these ecological groups have distinct diets that link them together in a food chain. The diet of animals that only eat exclusively plants, animals that eat only meat, and animals that eat both plants and meat are all different . Carnivores

Introduction The Animal Kingdom, sometimes known as the Kingdom Animalia or the Animal Kingdom is essentially divided into two divisions, namely, Chordates and Non-chordates. Chordates are the creatures that have a notochord at some point in their lives, which includes humans. Furthermore, non-chordates are creatures that do not possess a notochord throughout any stage of