Plant Physiology

In plant and fungal cells, as well as some protist, animal, and bacterial cells, a vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle that can be found in the cell membrane. Vacuoles are essentially closed compartments that are filled with water that contains inorganic and organic molecules in solution, including enzymes, albeit they may also contain solids that […]

In botany, a root is the portion of a vascular plant that is generally found underground. Its principal duties are to serve as an anchor for the plant, to absorb water and dissolved minerals and transport them to the stem, and to store reserve foods. The root differs from the stem primarily in that it

Introduction The movement of water from the roots to the leaves is an essential function in the life of a plant. Water flow is affected by air pressure, humidity, adhesion, and cohesion. At sea level, air pressure can force water up the xylem columns from the roots to many feet in height. Because water molecules

Water is absorbed by higher plants through root hairs that come into contact with soil water and form a root hair zone a little behind the root tips. Root hairs are tubular hair-like prolongations of the cells of the epidermal layer of the roots (when the epidermis bears root hairs, it is also known as

Nonvascular plants, which include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, lack a system for delivering nutrients inside their bodies. Learn about the definition and characteristics of nonvascular plants, as well as some examples of nonvascular plants and their importance to the ecosystem. Most people would include the words green, tall, leaves, branches, stems, and flowers in their

Algae are categorised into taxonomic groups in the same criteria used for land plants. However, the classification of algae beyond the hierarchy of order had changed dramatically since 1960, when the classification system was developed.  An early morphological study employing electron microscopes revealed variations in traits such as the flagellar apparatus, cell division mechanism, and

When both temperature and pressure are held constant, the water potential is the potential energy of water in a system. It can also be defined as a measurement of how readily water molecules in a given environment or system can travel. It is denoted by the Greek letter Psi (Ψ) and is measured in kilopascals

We are all aware of the process of transpiration that happens in leaves via the stomata. Many factors impact transpiration rate, which can be classed as external or internal. Plants are assumed to need transpiration because it helps them to collect water and nutrients from the soil; yet, excessive transpiration may be exceedingly damaging to

Take a look out your window. Even the tallest trees have gravity-defying characteristics, allowing nutrients to be ‘sucked’ up from the deepest depths of the soil and transferred to the topmost branches! Do you know how? Plants are complex creatures, and root pressure is one of the many fascinating activities of a plant. Root pressure

A difference in concentration between two molecules causes molecules to move in opposite directions to one other. It is a crucial activity that occurs in all living organisms and is necessary for their survival.  During the flow of chemicals into and out of the cells, diffusion plays a role.  After moving from a zone of