Plant Physiology

Plants grow, adapting to their surroundings. The plant structure has two main organ systems, the shoot, and the root system. The shoot is the upper part of the plant responsible for reproduction and food. The root is the underground part responsible for fixation and absorption.  The environmental conditions and plant needs change the functions of […]

When a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or specialised reproductive structures, which are also called vegetative propagules, it is referred to as vegetative reproduction. [ It is also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or cloning. What is Vegetative Propagation and how does it work When a plant

Here, we will discuss the terms that will help you understand what a stem is. Generally, the stem is the central part of the plant. A stem allows the plant to grow at a reasonable rate. If the plant’s stem is not good, then the growth of a plant will be restricted. Let’s learn more

An embryonic plant wrapped in a protective outer shell is known as a seed. In seed plants, the spermatophytes, which include gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, the generation of a seed is a part of the reproduction process. Any plant’s basic component is the seed. The seeds develop from the ovules after fertilisation. The embryo and

Fruits are classified based on the arrangement from which they originate. There are four types of fruits: simple, aggregate, multiple, and accessory. Simple fruits can be fleshy or dry and develop from a single ovary of a single flower. The berry, the entire pericarp is soft and pulpy (e.g. grape, tomato, banana, pepo, hesperidium, and

In angiosperms, the endosperm is a tissue that surrounds and feeds the embryo of the seed. Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds that are encased within a fruit. The other plant classification is gymnosperms, which refers to plants that lack flowers or fruits but have seeds developed on the leaf surface. Fruits, grains, vegetables,

Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from one plant of the same species to another. This allows for the maintenance of genetic diversity and the generation of novel adaptations via genetic recombination, and many plants have characteristics that favour cross-pollination over self-pollination. Pollen release and stigma receptivity can be separated in time (dichogamy) or space

Meristematic tissue and permanent (or non-meristematic) tissue are the two types of tissue systems found in plants. Meristematic tissue is similar to animal stem cells in that it contains undifferentiated cells that continue to proliferate and contribute to the plant’s growth. Plant cells that are no longer actively dividing makeup permanent tissue. Meristems give rise

A blooming plant’s fleshy or dry matured ovary enclosing the seed or seeds As a result, apricots, bananas, and grapes are all technically fruits are bean pods,tomatoes, maize grains, , cucumbers, and (in their shells) acorns and almonds. However, in popular usage, the phrase refers to ripened ovaries that are sweet and either succulent or

Introduction Plants, on the other hand, cannot run away from their predators. Plants have their own defence system to deal with the threat they confront. The nervous and endocrine systems are two separate systems in the animal body that are responsible for balancing and controlling various actions.  Plants, on the other hand, are devoid of