Transport in plants: Water potential, osmosis

Introduction Plant-water relations are concerned with how plants regulate the hydration of their cells, including water collection from the soil, transportation throughout the plant, and evaporation from the leaves.Plant water status is commonly expressed as ‘water potential,’ which has pressure units, is always negative, and is the algebraic sum of the hydrostatic and osmotic pressure […]

Plant physiology or physiology simply refers to the study of the functioning of different plant systems. A person studying physiology is called a physiologist. Julius Sachs, a physiologist, is known as the father of plant physiology. Plants are essential for the lifecycle of every organism and the ecosystem, as they provide oxygen to other organisms

Introduction Pinocytosis is a kind of endocytosis, which is the process by which cells ingest foreign chemicals and collect them in membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell. Pinocytosis occurs when a single droplet of the liquid becomes bound, or adsorbed, on the cell membrane, which then invaginates (forms a pocket), pinches off, and forms a vesicle

Mass Flow Hypothesis Ernst Munch, a German plant physiologist, proposed this theory in 1930. This theory gives the most accurate explanation of mass flow in the phloem. According to this theory, the ions are absorbed by the roots along with the mass flow of water under the influence of transpiration because rapidly transpiring plants absorb

Introduction   The Mass Flow Hypothesis can be called the pressure flow hypothesis. This theory was proposed by a German plant physicist Ernst Münch. At a source like a leaf, inside phloem cells, a high concentration of organic substances, primary sugar, create a diffusion gradient that draws water from the adjacent xylem into the cells. Hydrostatic

Plants absorb water from the soil by the root hairs. They absorb mainly the capillary water of the soil along which dissolved nutrients are also absorbed. The root wall is water permeable since it comprises pectic substances and cellulose which are water loving i.e. hydrophilic. Roots are always growing towards water. So, the root hair

Introduction Plants require water for growth, performing photosynthesis, and for their entire survival. Despite this significance, they retain less than 5 percent of the water absorbed for cell expansion and growth. The rest of the water gets delivered to the atmosphere, a process known as transpiration.  To generate sugars, plants need to absorb carbon dioxide

Introduction Long-distance transport of materials throughout a plant cannot be achieved by diffusion, as it is a prolonged process. Also, it holds over short distances for the movement of molecules. In organisms with complex structures, substances need to be moved over long distances. Sometimes, the location of uptake and storage are too far from each

Having an ordered structure, requiring energy, responding to stimuli and adjusting to environmental changes, and being capable of reproduction, growth, movement, metabolism, and death are the basic features. Living organisms are currently divided into three domains: (Eu)Bacteria (real bacteria), Archaea (archaebacteria), and Eukarya (archaebacteria). The term “living” comes from the Old English lifende, which means

Plants are capable of absorbing substances. Plants require water in order to grow and thrive, just as humans do in order to feel and function at their best. Plants take up water from their surroundings, particularly the soil in which they are rooted, and use it to grow. They achieve this through the use of