Cell Structure and Function

Granulocytes play a key role in the immune system, helping to defend the body against infections. The presence of massive cytoplasmic granules (which are stained by basic dyes) and the presence of a nucleus distinguishes their morphology from other organisms (bi-lobed).  Normally, granulocytes play an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses […]

Chromosomes are known long thread-like DNA molecules that are primarily responsible for determining the genetic characters of the organisms. Chromosomes are found inside the nucleus in animal and plant cells. On the other hand, bacteria like prokaryotic organisms contain chromosomes in the cytoplasm because of the absence of a nucleus.The genetic characters transferred by the

Gametes are also referred to as “sex cells” in some circles. These are the reproductive cells that are found in the human reproductive system, and they are referred to as such by scientists. In the process of sexual reproduction, these gametes are responsible for the construction of a fully new cell, known as a zygote,

Cell division or cell cycle is the cell’s growth and duplication process. One parent cell splits and engenders two identical daughter cells in this process. Those upon maturing create some more offspring in a cyclical manner. Cell division plays a vital role in bodily growth or healing internal or external wounds. All prokaryotes and some

Chromosomes are thread-like structures of proteins and nucleic acids obtained from the nucleus of living cells. The structure carries genetic details of living systems in the form of genes. A chromosome structure is made out of DNA and proteins organised into one’s genes. The deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA coils around proteins known as histones. Thus,

Mitosis is a cell multiplication or reproduction process in which a single cell produces two identical cells. Mitosis is a term that refers to the replication and redistribution of chromosomes, which are the structures that carry genetic information. It is the process through which somatic cells divide. Mitosis is also referred to as “equational division”

Mitosis Definition “Mitosis is the cell cycle phase in which newly generated DNA is divided into two new cells with the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.” Mitosis is an asexual reproductive mechanism in unicellular organisms. Continue reading to learn more about mitosis and the many stages it goes through. What

Treatments for cancer are improving patient management and survival. However, these regimens might have serious, both temporary and chronic adverse effects. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and radiation fibrosis syndrome are two neuromuscular side effects. The only approach to resolve the neurotoxicity at this time is to reduce or eliminate the offending substance. Early detection by subjective

Microvilli are finger-shaped protrusions on plasma membrane, present on the surface of a wide range of cell types, although they are most abundant and elaborated on simple epithelial cells, such as the mucosa of the intestine and the epithelium of proximal tubule of kidney. Microvilli, unlike other plasma membrane extensions, are not linked to the

Microtubules are polar molecules that have a positively charged end that grows quickly and a negatively charged end that grows slowly. Microtubules are polar molecules that have a positively charged end that grows quickly and a negatively charged end that grows slowly. Microtubule protofilaments align themselves in a row parallel to one another, exposing beta