Cell Structure and Function

The cell membrane, mainly comprising lipids and proteins, is essential for transporting nutrients throughout the cell. It also regulates the substances that are exiting or entering a cell. The cell membrane can be defined as a plasma membrane that separates the internal contents of the cell from its environment. This model depicts that the cell […]

The cell membrane, commonly known as the plasma membrane, is a double layer of proteins and lipids surrounding a cell. The function of a cell membrane is to separate the cytoplasm, the cell’s contents, from the outer environment. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have these features.   The cell membrane encloses the cell constituents such as

Introduction  In general, a cell membrane is a barrier on the most exterior surface; the cell membrane function separates the elements outside the cell from the elements in the cytoplasm. It is thin and fragile as well as it can be of a minimum of 10 mm in thickness. However, the thickness also depends on

A fertilised egg experiences differentiation into other forms of specialised cells found in the body, like muscle, neurons, and so on, during human development. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have not yet developed into other types of cells. Stem cells can be found in both embryos and adults. Cell Differentiation Through a process called

Differentiation of Cells is the progressive process through which multipotent cells in organisms obtain specific characteristics. It occurs during development and results in physical and functional changes. There are three steps to differentiation: determination, differentiation, and maturity. In organisms, these three processes occur on a constant basis. The embryo’s multipotential cells are assigned to a

The cartilage is a non-vascular fibrous connective tissue responsible for acting as a model for the later development and growth of the skeletal bones in our body. The cartilage is usually composed of a very dense network of fibres called collagen, which is usually embedded in a very dense and gelatinous ground or matrix substance

Cardiac muscle (also known as heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three forms of muscle tissue found in vertebrates. The other two are skeletal and smooth muscle. It is an involuntary, striated muscle that makes up the majority of the heart’s wall tissue. Between the outside layer of the heart wall the pericardium and

There are innumerable living organisms within every living organism, some of them being single-celled organisms. Like every human and animal, which are multicellular organisms, single-celled organisms also need protection. The bacteria is such an organism that requires protection for survival as it will not be able to survive on any surface or environment given its

What is a Bone In several vertebrate animals, a bone is a hard structure, which is part of the skeleton. Bones protect the body’s major organs, generate red and white blood cells, contain minerals, offer structural support, and allow mobility to the human body. Bones have a complicated internal and exterior structure and exist in

A human body comprises billions of cells that group together to form the tissues that come together to form organs, and organs form systems. These systems formed by organs perform various functions that are physiological or psychological. The function can be digestion (digestive system), circulation (circulatory system), excretion (excretory system), and many more. Thus, we