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A complete reflection of a beam of light from the surrounding surfaces back into a medium such as water or glass is known as total internal reflection. When the angle of incidence exceeds a particular limiting angle, known as the critical angle, the phenomena happen. Total internal reflection occurs when a ray of light from […]

Internal reflection often occurs when  a light beam or ray travels from a denser medium to a rarer or less optically denser medium.  In such a phenomenon, two things happen. A portion of the incident light gets reflected into the same medium. In contrast, another part gets refracted into a different medium.  When the angle

Violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red are the seven colors that the sun breaks into. It’s commonly referred to as VIBGYOR. When all of these hues are combined, we only receive one light that  is the WHITE light. It is feasible to create the band of seven colors using white light and a narrow

Introduction The index of refraction, also called the refractive index, is a measurement of how much a ray of light bends as it passes through one medium and into another. If ’i’  is the angle of incidence for a ray in the vacuum (the normal is the angle formed by the incoming ray and the

Refraction is an observational phenomenon that occurs with a ray of light. In simple terms, it is called the bending of light rays when they go from a single transparent substance to another transparent substance.  Refraction happens with several things around us, including eyeglasses, lenses, water, sound, and other waves. This bending results in the

Introduction The velocity of light in vacuum is 3×10⁸ m/s. It travels in a straight line. When light passes through a material, the speed of light alters. The properties of the path of light involve three different principles – reflection, diffraction, and refraction. These properties are essentially included when designing or constructing commercial products and

Introduction  Light is one of the most important aspects of life, without which we won’t be able to see anything around us. It is one form of energy that enables us to watch the objects around us. In other words, it is one of the types of electromagnetic radiation that travels through medium or vacuum.

Light has two important characteristics: rectilinear propagation and reflection. In the field of physics, these are two of the most fundamental principles. They explain how light behaves in various situations and how it reacts to various surfaces. The rectilinear propagation of light is covered in depth in this article, as well as a peek of

Introduction The French mathematician named Pierre de Fermat discovered this property of light. Being a kid, we always remember when our teacher used to show us slides on the projector; in the light, we used to make shadows of different animals. This fun thing actually explains a major science phenomenon that is the rectilinear propagation

What is ray optics? Ray optics, commonly known as geometrical optics, are considered light as a ray rather than a wave. This gives us an advantage in the calculation regarding optics. By considering light as a ray, we can use simple geometry to calculate certain properties of light. Using ray optics, we can explain certain