Class 12

The superposition principle allows us to determine the total force on a given charge due to any number of point charges acting on it. Each charged particle in the space around or surrounding it creates an electric field in the universe. The electric field produced by the charge is independent of the presence or absence […]

Coulomb’s Law describes the force between two stationary, electrically charged particles, also known as electrostatic force.   Thales of Miletus was the first to observe Coulomb’s Law in 600 BC. Two bodies charged with static electricity will either repel or attract each other depending on the nature of their charge. The calculation of attraction or repulsion

There are various properties of electricity that are expressed in different measurement units. However, we will learn about electric charge. Electric charge is one of the electrical properties. Electric charge is a physical property of matter causing it to experience a force when it is placed in an electromagnetic field. Electric charge is carried by

J.J. Thomson made the groundbreaking discovery of electrons in 1897. According to J. Thomson’s experiments with cathode ray tubes, all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons, which are known as electrons. He carried out an experiment on cathode rays and discovered that they are charged particles by the results. When compared to

What is Equipotential Surface An equipotential surface is the contact points in space having the same potential on the surface. Equipotential means that a charge will have the same potential energy at every point on the equipotential surface. For a single charge q, the potential is given by, Where  q = point charge r =

 line of force can be defined as a straight or curved path, with the tangent at each given location indicating the direction of the strength of the electric field at that point. Lines of force have the freedom to move in an electric field or by gravitational force. Michael Friday, an English scientist, first proposed

An electric field can be defined as the electrical properties present at a point in a space where a charged particle is present. An electric field exerts a force on other charged objects present in its vicinity. The exerted force can be either attractive or repulsive depending on the type of charges which are interacting

Fajans’ rule is used to determine the nature of the ionic or the covalent bond. This depends upon the relative sizes of the anions and cations and the charge on the cations.  Fajans’ rule can be summarised as follows: Ionic Character Covalent Character  Large Cation  ~ Small Cation   Small Anion  ~ Large Anion  Small Charge 

Polar molecules and nonpolar molecules are the two primary types of molecules. Some molecules are obviously polar or nonpolar, whereas others fall somewhere in the between. In polar compounds, the existence of one or more polar bonds is required due to a difference in electronegativity between the attached atoms. If the bond dipoles cancel each

Coulomb’s Law describes the force that exists between two stationary, electrically charged particles, also known as electrostatic force.  Coulomb’s Law acts along the line connecting the two charged bodie’s centres. The law is also known as Coulomb’s inverse-square law because it describes an inverse square relationship between force and distance between two charged entities. Coulomb’s