Introduction Amorphous solids are solids that have the qualities of a solid yet lack a specific geometrical layout (e.g. glass, rubber etc.). The component particles of an amorphous solid do not have a stable three-dimensional structure. Lacking the lengthy three-dimensional order of crystalline materials, amorphous solids have a more random configuration of molecules that exhibit […]
Introduction Organic polymers are categorized according to their polymerization mode, which reflects the polymer’s chemical structure and stability. The two types of polymerization, addition polymerization and condensation polymerization. Monomers can combine in a variety of ways to generate polymeric polymers. One way is to use a condensation reaction, which is a sort of chemical reaction.
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Polymers, Types of polymerizationNitration is a general chemical process in organic chemistry. During this process, the nitro group is introduced into an organic compound. Here, one or more nitro groups are presented in a reacting molecule called a substrate. It is misused in various processes between alcohols and nitric acids to form nitrate esters. As a result, the
The carbons in ethane comprise four bonds arranged with the tetrahedral geometry. Moreover, the carbon bond has a bond length of 1.54 Å and is made through the overlap of 1 sp3 orbital from each of the carbons, whereas the six carbon-hydrogen bonds are made with overlaps amid the leftover orbitals of sp3 on the
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen, Properties and reactionsThe Haworth representation of glucose structure gives the three-dimensional perspective of the molecular structure of the glucose compounds. To represent the structure and its composition, many methods of projections are used. However, Fischer’s projection and Haworth’s projection are most widely used. In the following article, we will discuss the nature of carbohydrates and glucose compounds.
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen, Properties and reactionsHalogens are non-metals, gaseous elements with high reactivity. They rarely occur in their free state in nature; we mostly find them as compound structures with other elements. Halides are one such compound of halogens. In this article, we will explore the acidity of hydrogen halides and related concepts. A Brief Overview of the Acidity of
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Halogens, Properties and reactionsAny of the six nonmetallic elements that make up Group 17 elements of the periodic table are known as halogens. Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), Astatine (At), and Tennessee (Ts) are all halogen elements. The name halogen comes from the Greek word “hal”, which means “salt”, and “gen”, which means “to produce”.
Reactivity of Group 13 towards Halogens Read More »
Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Halogens, Properties and reactionsIodine is a non-metallic, dark-grey/purple-black, lustrous, solid element. It is the most electropositive halogen and the least reactive of the halogens, and even then, it can still form compounds with many elements. The chemical element iodine has the symbol ‘I’ and carries an atomic number of 53. Iodine is the heaviest among the stable halogens.
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Halogens, Properties and reactionsWe are all familiar with the use of Nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is widely used in the chemical industry for producing nylon, nitric acid, explosives, and fertilizers. Phosphorus is an essential element for the human body as our bones and teeth are made up of Phosphorus. Red Phosphorus is used in making fertilizers and safety
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Chemistry, Class 12, IIT JEE, Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen, Properties and reactions