Chemical stoichiometry

The ionisation or dissociation of all acids and bases is not the same. This implies that not all acids and bases are equally effective in producing of H+ and OH– ions in an aqueous solution.  In addition, the strength of acids and bases varies widely. When acids and bases dissolve in water, they create variable amounts of hydronium or […]

Several chemical reactions do not complete their reaction chain. Instead, they attain a state of chemical equilibrium. This is a state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. Plus, all the reactants and products in a concentration remain constant (the values don’t change). Equilibrium is a dynamic process where there

A single type of process is not effective for extracting all types of metals. Different metals have different properties. According to those properties, suitable techniques against impurities are developed and put to use to extract them with maximum purity. Some of the refining processes are explained below: Liquation  The basic principle of liquation is the

All reactive species can be divided into two types of reactions: reductions and oxidation. In a redox reaction or oxidation-reduction reaction, oxidation and reduction always happen simultaneously. The oxidising agent is the material being reduced in a chemical process, while the reductant is the substance that is being oxidised. A redox reaction is a reaction

For any chemical reaction to take place, reactants are changed into products, under specific conditions such as optimum temperature, pressure, and in presence of some catalyst. For a complete understanding of the chemical reaction, it’s important to take into account the rate of a chemical reaction. It can be slow or fast, as per the

Introduction Quantitative analysis is the set of experimental methods allowed to determine the quantitative content (concentration) of individual components and impurities in the sample of the material to be examined.  The aim of quantitative analysis is the determination of quantitative ratios of chemical compounds, ions and elements, which are the part of substances to be

Qualitative Analysis is the assurance of non-mathematical data about a substance, animal groups, response, and so on. Models would be seeing that a response is making gas that is rising out of arrangement or seeing that a response brings about a shading change. Qualitative Analysis isn’t quite as solid as quantitative examination however is frequently

Introduction Sodium is an important compound in basic chemistry and even in daily life. Present in many day-to-day products used for cleaning and other household purposes, it belongs to the alkali metal group with a position in group 1 of the periodic table. Sodium marks itself as the most abundant element on Earth and covers

An acid is a chemical substance that can form a covalent bond with an electron pair. Citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, for example, contain citric acid; vinegar contains acetic acid; and, in fact, our stomach uses hydrochloric acid for digestion. Acids have a sour flavor to them. It produces hydrogen when it combines

According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, we can never know the exact position of an electron travelling around the nucleus at a specific velocity. As a result, we speak in terms of the likelihood of its occurrence in any given region. In other words, we use a probability function to determine its location.  Probability distribution plot