Laws of thermodynamics

An azeotrope is considered a mixture of liquids so that the proportion of these does not change. One can say that the term ‘azeotrope’ refers to the process of constant boiling point. It occurs because of the formation of vapour with the boiling process, and the ratios of the present constituents remain the same. The […]

The Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics explains the working of a heat engine in a cyclic process. The first law of thermodynamics has limitations; for instance, it could not explain why some processes in a closed system are reversed. The second law of thermodynamics explains these limitations. In this regard, the Kelvin-Planck

During high pressure or high-temperature circumstances, a tyre inflated with air is at the risk of exploding. Or when ascending a mountain you start noticing troubles to inhale.  With changing physical conditions the action of gaseous particles also differs from their regular nature. The behaviour of a Gas may be analysed by several laws known

Introduction In Physics, Thermodynamics is the branch that deals with the relationship among work, heat, energy and temperature. Lord Kelvin was the first Scots-Irish physicist who defined thermodynamics as the subject of the relation between heat and forces. There are four laws of thermodynamics: 1) Zeroth law of thermodynamics  2) The first law of thermodynamics

Entropy is the degree of disorder of a system. A higher value of entropy means there is a high value of disorder. It is denoted by ‘S’. The disorder of a system is related to the phase it is in. For a crystalline solid substance, the entropy should be the lowest (most ordered), and the

While you are sick, you say that you have a fever. But how do you know that you have a fever? Which instrument confirms that you have a fever? You test it with a thermometer whenever you feel like having a fever. The thermometer gives the reading of the temperature of your body which indicates

Tartaric acid is an organic acid present in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including bananas, grapes, citrus, and tamarinds. It’s also known as Racemic acid or 2,3-dihydroxy succinic acid. It is utilised in the production of carbon dioxide. It’s a crystalline white diprotic aldaric acid that’s diprotic. It is commonly used in the pharmaceutical

The Zeroth law of thermodynamics manages the temperature of a system. A system can be defined as a collection of objects that can be identified easily. Everything that does come under the system is referred to as surrounding. In this article, we will discuss the system and surroundings and their related topics in detail. What

Sublimation is the conversion of a substance from a solid to a gaseous state without it being liquid . One example is the evaporation of frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice) under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature. The phenomenon is caused by the interaction of vapour pressure and temperature. Sublimation of water from frozen food under

Among the two key methods of heat conduction in thermal energy, steady-state conduction is one of the most important concepts to be studied. Since thermal conductivity itself is an important property of matter, steady-state conduction and its related concepts can help us understand their relevance with respect to thermal conductivity and its wide-ranging applications.   In