The scientific name of humans is Homo sapiens. Humans’ structural and organisational units are made of cells that aggregate together to form tissues. The tissues come together and form organs and the overall organ system in the body. Each organ system is responsible for various metabolic and regulations occurring in the body and hence helps with the overall function. The history of humans helps understand evolution as a concept. The human body comprises multiple organ systems working as a single unit, and each system depends on the other. The topic discusses various types of human organ functions.
Hierarchy of the formation of the Organ System
The collective working of all the organ systems in the human is vital for its performance and function. The human organ diagram helps better understand where all the essential organs are located in the body and its mechanism. The body consists of cells that come together and eventually form tissues and the overall organ system. The human body is made of basic elements, including oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, carbon dioxide and phosphorus. Water is the most essential for all the functions.
- The cell is the basic unit, and the human body consists of more than trillions of cells.
- Tissues are the combination of several cells. The tissues present in the body include epithelial, connective, nerve, and muscle cells.
- The tissues assemble and form the organs, and each organ has its specific function.
- The overall system of organs in the body is known as the organ system.
Human organ function and importance
The labelled human organ diagram helps understand where each organ is located and how it functions. The diagrams help build the basic foundational understanding of anatomy and physiology. There is an 11-organ system that consists of organs that work together as a unit for carrying specific functions within the body.
Here is a detailed overview of all the human organ functions.
- The circulatory system is essential because it helps transport nutrients and oxygen through the bloodstream to different organs. It even helps remove waste and CO2 from the organs. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels (arteries and veins).
- The respiratory system is responsible for breathing and providing the body with oxygen, and eliminating C0₂ through the gaseous exchange. It even helps maintain the pH balance. It consists of lungs, trachea, bronchi and nose.
- The digestive system is responsible for food digestion, which breaks down the food into smaller molecules. It produces digestive juices and enzymes, which help break down macromolecules. It includes the primary organs like the mouth, stomach, intestines, and rectum.
- The endocrine system is a vital organ that releases hormones and is responsible for several processes like metabolism, homeostasis, and many other regulatory functions.
- Nervous System – The human organ function coordinates organ function and responds to the external environment. The main structure of the nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and system of nerves.
- The reproductive system helps produce offspring through mating between males and females. It consists of the reproductive organs like a penis in a man and a vagina in a woman. The major male structure includes the scrotum, vas deferens, prostate, penis, and the female structure includes ovaries, vagina, uterus, and mammary glands.
- The immune system helps fight against pathogens and infection and keep off foreign particles. The primary organs include lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, tonsil, skin etc.
- The integumentary system consists of the skin and all the associated structures with skin like sweat glands, hair follicles, nails, and hair. The system protects the internal structure from damage, produces vitamins and hormones, and prevents dehydration.
- The muscular system and the organs involved assist movement through the contraction of muscles. There are three muscle types: heart muscle, skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles.
- The skeletal system is a vital organ system for humans as it provides the necessary support, shape and stabilisation. It consists of 206 bones, ligaments, tendons, joints, and ligaments. It helps in the proper movement of the body.
- The excretory system is involved in removing the waste and helps maintain the water balance in the body. It includes several organs, including kidneys, urethra, urinary bladder and ureters.
Conclusion
The human body is complex, with several anatomical and physiological functions. Cells are the smallest and fundamental unit of life. The cells combine and form with the tissues to form an organ and organ system. Humans anatomically consist of 11 organ systems, each of which has various organs responsible for various functions in the body. All organ systems work closely with each other and help conduct all metabolic, regulatory and physiological functions. The overall health and balance are maintained when all organs function properly.