Dialysis is also recognised as kidney dialysis, haemodialysis, or renal dialysis in medicine. It entails drawing blood from the patient with impaired kidney function, purifying it with dialysis, and then reintroducing it into the patient’s bloodstream. A haemodialyser, often known as an artificial kidney, is a device that filters unwanted molecules from your blood while delivering necessary components at the same time. The equipment can regulate the acid-base balance of blood, as well as the concentration of dissolved minerals and water, using these specialised ways.
Dialysis
Kidneys filter the blood by eliminating waste and extra fluid. When you urinate, this waste is transferred to your bladder and removed.
If the kidneys fail, then dialysis performs all their function. End-stage renal failure occurs when the kidneys only operate at 10% to 15% of their usual capacity, as per the National Kidney Foundation.
Dialysis is a medical procedure which uses a machine to filter as well as purify the blood. When your kidneys aren’t working properly, this keeps the fluids and electrolytes balanced.
People with kidney disorders have been treated with dialysis since the 1940s.
Dialysis is an artificial method of cleaning the blood by eliminating toxins, extra water, and other solutes when a person’s kidneys are no longer capable of doing so.
Dialysis Classification
Classification for dialysis is given as
- Hemodialysis
- Peritoneal dialysis
Haemodialysis
The most prevalent type of dialysis is hemodialysis. In this operation, a haemodialyser (artificial kidney) is used to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood. The artificial kidney filters the blood and then it has been taken from the body. With the help of a dialysis machine, filtered blood is returned to the body.
An artery and a vein under your skin are sometimes connected to form a larger blood vessel termed as fistula.
If your blood vessels aren’t strong enough to support a fistula, the doctor will use a soft plastic tube to connect an artery and a vein beneath your skin. A graft is the term for this procedure.
A catheter, a small plastic tube that is put into a major vein in your neck, is sometimes used to get access. This form of access is often utilised for long-term treatment, but it can also be temporary.
Peritoneal dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis is a procedure in which the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter is implanted into your belly. The peritoneum, a membrane in the abdomen, filters your blood with the catheter. During treatment, a specific fluid called dialysate is injected into the peritoneum. The dialysate absorbs the waste. When the dialysate removes the waste from your bloodstream, it is evacuated from your abdomen.
This procedure takes a few hours to complete and must be done 4 to 6 times per day. Fluid exchange, on the other hand, can be done while you’re sleeping or awake.
Peritoneal dialysis is divided into two types which are Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) (APD) and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD).
The only type of peritoneal dialysis that is performed without the use of machinery is Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD).
Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is mainly performed at home using an equipment known as a cycler. APD is similar to CAPD, except there are more cycles (exchanges) involved.
Conclusion
Dialysis is a therapy for persons with failing kidneys. Your kidneys don’t filter blood as well as they should when you have renal failure. Wastes and poisons accumulate in your bloodstream as a result. Dialysis helps your kidneys do their job by eliminating waste materials and extra fluid from your blood.
There are two types of dialysis which are as follows;
- Haemodialysis
- Peritoneal dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis is a procedure where the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter is implanted into the belly.
The most prevalent category of dialysis is hemodialysis in which an artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) is used to eliminate waste and excess fluid from the blood.