As we glance around, we see that everything has a shape. Everything has a distinct shape, from a computer to a book. There are two types of shapes: two-dimensional and three-dimensional. A two-dimensional shape (also known as a 2-D shape) is one that has a length and width, and a three-dimensional shape is one that has a length, width, and height which is also known as 3-D shapes.
A solid shape is a three-dimensional object with three dimensions: length, breadth, and height (depth).
What are 2-D figures :-
2-D forms are geometric figures made out of straight or curved lines on a flat surface. They just have length and width to work with (breadth). There is no depth to 2-D shapes. 2-D forms include circles, triangles, squares, and rectangles, to name a few. Polygons are three or more straight lines joined together to form a shape. Circles, ovals, triangles, squares, diamonds, rhombuses, parallelograms, and rectangles are some of the most common 2-D shapes.
Some of the 2-D shapes are given below :-
What are 3-D figures :-
A solid or three-dimensional shape has a length, width, and height. A solid shape takes up space and is supported by one or more surfaces. Solid shapes include cubes, cones, spheres, and cuboids. Many real-life objects, such as a book, a laptop, a ball, and a birthday cone, have solid shapes. Cuboid, sphere, cone, cylinder, pyramid, and cube are examples of 3-D shapes.
Some of the 3-D figures are given below :-
Here are the some of the components of the solid figures that are discussed below :-
A specific number of faces, vertices, and edges define all solid forms. Let’s see all the components one by one –
Faces :-
A face is the name given to every single surface of a solid form. A cube and a cuboid , for example, has six faces.
Vertices :-
A ‘Vertex’ in a solid shape is a location where two or more lines intersect. The plural form of the word ‘Vertex’ is vertices. A sphere is a unique shape that is devoid of a vertex.
Edges :-
An ‘Edge’ in a solid shape is a line segment that connects two vertices or two corners.
|
Shapes |
No. of faces |
No. of Vertices |
No. of edges |
|
Cube |
6 |
8 |
12 |
|
Cuboid |
6 |
8 |
12 |
|
Prism(triangular) |
5 |
6 |
9 |
|
Pyramid (square base) |
5 |
5 |
8 |
|
Triangular pyramid |
4 |
4 |
6 |
|
Cylinder |
3 |
0 |
2 |
|
Cone |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
Sphere |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Views of solid shapes :-
A top view, a side view, and a front view are all available for solid shapes. Let’s have a look at each one by one .
Top View: A solid shape’s top view is the shape of the item as seen from above.
Side view : Shape of an object as observed from one of its sides is called the side view of a solid shape.
Front view : The front view of an object is the shape of the object as seen from the front side.
How to visualise a solid figures :
A solid shape can be represented in a variety of ways.
Visualising the solid figures by cutting it :-
Imagine cutting a solid horizontally or vertically oriented form. It definitely resembles a two-dimensional shape (like a square or rectangle). This is referred to as a ‘cross-section.’ The shape we get is determined on the solid shape being cut. Consider the illustration below, which shows a cylinder being cut horizontally and vertically. A rectangle is resembled by the horizontal cross section, while a circle is resembled by the vertical cross section.
Visualising the figure by its shadow :-
Assume that a light source falls on a solid shape, such as a cone. The solid shape’s shadow creates a two-dimensional shape. When a light source falls on the thinner end of a cone, the shadow takes on a 2-D shape, which is a circle .
Visualising the solid figures by Assuming small :-
Taking a Rubik’s cube which is a real life example of solid shape which has 27 small cubes in it. Each cube is 1 unit.
By Assuming that a small pieces we can visualise the figure in a good manner.
CONCLUSION :-
Three-dimensional shapes or solids, or solid shapes, are the names given to 3D shapes in geometry. 3D shapes, often known as solid shapes, have three different dimensions: length, width, and height. A 3D object can appear differently depending on the angle from which it is viewed, therefore it can be drawn from many viewpoints.