The heart is an organ that acts as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. Located between the two lungs and also to the left of center, behind the rib cage, it relies on the diaphragmatic, which is a muscular wall that separates the breast chest from the abdomen in humans and other mammals. The myocardium, which is a hard muscular wall that surrounds the heart, is composed of several layers. The outside of the heart is covered with a thin piece of tissue called the pericardium, and the inside is lined by another layer of tissue called the endocardium. In the middle of the heart cavity, there is a right as well as a left heart, that is further split into different chambers. The atrium (or auricle) is the top chamber of the heart, and also the ventricle is the lower chamber.
Heart Valves
Each cell of the heart has two atria (upper chambers) & two ventricles, which are connected by a blood vessel (lower chambers). Each chamber of the heart has a valve by which blood must transmit until it can leave the chamber. The valves are responsible for preventing the blood from flowing backward.
Each of the two ventricles has a valve that is actually a flap that is positioned on every end of 2 ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). Blood is then pumped into and out of the ventricle through these valves, which act as both one-way inlets and one-way outlets on either side of the ventricle. With the exception of the heart valve, which has two flaps, all standard valves have three flaps.
Valve opening and closing occurs as the heart muscle contracts and loosens, allowing blood to flow into the ventricular and atria at different times on a regular basis. Following the contraction of the left ventricle, the aortic valve closes and the mitral valve opens, allowing blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle and vice versa.
Blood flows into the left ventricle as the left atrium contracts, increasing the amount of blood available to the body.Blood flows into the aorta whenever the left ventricle contracts, which results in the closure of the mitral valve and the opening of the aortic valve, which allows the heart to beat more quickly.