Abdominal Ganglia is also known as Celiac Ganglia or Coeliac Ganglia. These are two different masses of tissue that are found in the upper region of the Abdomen or Digestive Tract. These two Ganglia together are known as Celiac Plexus Proper.
This is the branch of Neuroanatomy in which we deal with the different structures, Functions, and organisations of different Nervous Systems.
Our Nervous System is divided into two parts –
i) Central Nervous System ii) Peripheral Nervous System.
The Peripheral Nervous System is further divided into two parts-
i) Autonomic Nervous System ii) Somatic Nervous System
Abdominal Ganglia comes under the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) with a subdivision called Sympathetic Nervous System.
The Abdominal Ganglia is located between Thoracic-12 or T-12 and Lumbar-1 or L-1.
Structure and Function
Medially it is located in the Adrenal Gland, Anteriorly at the region of the crura of the Diaphragm.
The Right Ganglia is located at the Posterior to Inferior Vena Cava and the left Ganglion is present at the Posterior to Splenic Artery.
The Celiac Ganglia Contains the Cell Body through which secretes the Neurotransmitter like Acetylcholine, GABA- Gamma-Aminobutyric acid, etc, and also Norepinephrine in Prostagalonic Neurons. In the Stomach, the Celiac Ganglion causes Sphincter contraction and decreased Motility. In the Liver, the Celiac Ganglion promotes glycogenolysis and increased gluconeogenesis.
Currently, it is known that Celiac Ganglion is regulated on its own that is not under the control of the Central Nervous System and Internal Digestive Tract. That’s Why the Abdominal Ganglion is also known as the “Little Brain.” It directly regulates the function of Digestion that controls the Stomach, Liver, Pancreas.
These 6 abdominal ganglia really are the phase of the Autonomic Nervous System; the ANS, which for all intents and purposes is accountable for intervening in the digestive tract which includes the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, small intestine, and the ascending and sort of transverse colon along with the abdominal visceral tissue in an actual major way. The ganglia can actually alter input acquired through neurons at the presynaptic level as well as the capacity to alter neuronal excitability at the postganglionic level.
Additionally, the celiac ganglia and prevertebral ganglia, in general, particularly play an enormous position in directing reflex loops involving two exclusive organs or distinct segments of the identical organ, particularly contrary to popular belief.
Ganglion Lump
Another name for this ganglion lump is the Bible cyst. The Ganglion lump is noncancerous and does not cause any harm to the body but it is quite painful. Most probably this lump or cyst appears on joints of wrists and hands where Tendons and Ligaments are present. These lumps generally occur in the ankles and feet.
The cause for this is still unknown but there are very symptoms that can lead to the definition of this ganglion lump, which is the following:-
In some cases, one large cyst or much smaller cyst can develop which are connected by a deeper tissue.
Sometimes a soft bump or mass that changes size and does not move is assembled into a gangland lamp.
Medical treatments for Ganglion Lumps are
Aspiration- In Aspiration, a needle is injected into the lump to drain off the fluid from the cyst but in many cases, it goes away by itself.
Operation- In Operation, surgically remove the overall ganglion lump from the body.
Splinting- In Splinting, rotating the hand which makes the lump move downward which makes it comfortable.
Risk Factors
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Osteoarthritis.
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Joint or tendon injury.
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Sex and age.
Diagnosis
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X-Ray.
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MRI -Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
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Clinical Test.
Some Important Terms Related to Abdominal Ganglia
– Nervous System – This is the controlling and regulating part of the body that makes the body function properly at the Anatomically and Physiological levels.
– Neurotransmitter –These are the biochemical which is secreted at the end of a neuron and help in transmitting information from one neuron to another neuron. It may be excitatory or Inhibitory depending on the functions.
– Digestive Tract – This hollow structure starts from Mouth and ends at Anus. It Includes Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestine(Both Small and Large), and Anus.
– Glycogenolysis – The Process in which the breakdown of Glycogen occurs.
– Gluconeogenesis – The Process in which the new Glucose molecule is formed.
Conclusions
Hence we Concluded that the Abdominal Ganglia is part of the Nervous system, more accurately, it comes under the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) a subdivision called the Sympathetic Nervous System, which helps in the regulation of different parts of the digestive Glands and Tracts like Liver, Pancreas, and Stomach. All these Coordinately work together to function the Abdomen Digestion.